What does "viable" mean in the context of biological organisms?

In the context of biological organisms, "viable" refers to the capability of an organism to grow, develop, or germinate under suitable conditions. Choosing the definition that indicates "capable of germination" accurately reflects the meaning of viability in a biological sense, as it implies that the organism is not only alive but also has the potential to carry out growth processes that would lead to reproduction and continuation of its species.

This understanding is crucial in fields such as microbiology, agriculture, and environmental science, where determining the health and potential life of organisms is essential. For instance, when assessing microbial contamination or the effectiveness of remediation efforts, knowing whether microbes are viable helps in determining the potential for growth and harm.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the meaning of viable. Being "unlikely to grow" or "not able to reproduce" suggests impairment or lack of capability, which contradicts the very essence of viability. Similarly, being described as "dead or non-functional" clearly indicates a lack of life and capability, thus failing to capture the essence of what it means to be viable. Understanding the correct context of viability is key for effective application in microbial remediation and related practices.